DRA Tutorial for ELL Instructors

The role of Oral Reading Assessments are important in ELL classrooms not only to inform instruction but to also document growth in the  language acquisition domain of reading. ELL teachers can use several different resources to conduct reading assessments in their classrooms. They are as follows:

DRA

Reading A-Z Benchmark Assessments

Rigby Benchmark Assessments

Running Records

DRA is a commonly used assessment in our district. ELL teachers are not required to use this assessment but may find it to be a helpful tool to use to create consistency between general education classrooms and ELL classrooms. If DRA is not an option for your current teaching reality, then you can also choose from the above options. The point is that one of these assessments are used each quarter to influence level movement and help inform daily instruction.

When evaluating the results of any Oral Reading Assessment ELL teachers need to consider not only reading based errors but also language acquisition influences in the way students negotiate a text. Some guiding questions to facilitate this process are as follows:

What errors do I see in this assessment?

Are they skill based errors or language based errors or both?

Are the errors’ students making used in their oral language?

What does this tell me about this child as a reader?

How would this inform my guided reading instruction?

How can that be supported through both oral language and reading?

Teacher can use the following documents to record students progress and interpret results of reading:

Fluency Chart

ELL Reading Assessment Log

DRA Tutorial for ELL Instructors Powerpoint

DRA for Secondary ELL Teachers Powerpoint

Language Objectives in Action

What is a language objective?  Well, teachers are familiar with lesson objectives.  They are what we want our students to learn.  A language objective is the language the student needs to be able to use in order to complete that task.  Not everyone is used to thinking about the language demands of what they are teaching.  But, for ELLs, knowing how language is used in a particular content area is essential in order for teachers to convey information (orally or through text) and for students to use and apply that information (through class reading, writing, and discussion activities).  (Echevarria, Vogt, & Short, 2013)

Perhaps one way to introduce the idea of including language objectives into your lesson planning is to see one in action.  Terri Johnson, an ELL teacher at Rousseau Elementary, offered to let us take a peek into how she’s using language objectives to give her first grade students access to academic language and comprehension strategies.  Watch Terri’s group here If you are having difficulty accessing the video, try switching your browser to Firefox or Safari.

To hear more about Language Objectives, contact your ELL Instructional Coach.  We would love to work on developing these with you!

 
Reference:  Echevarria, J, Vogt, M., & Short, D.  (2013)  Making content comprehensible for English language learners–the SIOP model.  New York:  Pearson.

The ELL Teacher’s Role in PLC & DT

ELL teachers in our district provide core reading, writing and language instruction for ELL students to prepare them to transition into the general education classrooms. ELL students’ language acquisition and learning will accelerate WHEN instruction is delivered using ELL research-based strategies.  An ELL teacher’s expertise in language acquisition is an instrumental and vital part of the PLC team’s collaboration as it provides a language learning perspective when analyzing assessment results as well as when selecting high impact strategies for linguistically and culturally diverse students.

In this session, we worked to contextualize the Data Teams process to the ELL teachers’ role. We reviewed the Data Team steps, and we focused on the language acquisition and learning considerations in each step of this process.  Additionally, we developed relevant questions that can help the ELL teacher and PLC team interpret and react to data considering the variables of language acquisition which is key to more critically address the content and language needs of English Language Learners in the PLC process.

Resources:

ELL Teacher Role in Data Teams – (First Draft)

ELL Teacher Role in Data Teams – FACILITATORS QUESTIONS (First Draft)

LPS ELL Strategies

Title I Data Teams Resources

Related Literature:

Reading Comprehension: Jigsaw Cooperative Learning

Jigsaw Text Reading

This reading strategy is a powerful way to support ELLs as they are challenged to comprehend difficult texts about new or unfamiliar concepts.  It also provides a setting for interaction among students which is an important component of effective instruction for ELLs.

Steps in the Process:

  • Form cooperative learning groups called ‘home’ groups. Students in this group will then be assigned to an ‘expert’ group.  All students will eventually return to this home group.

  • Each expert group is assigned a different section of the text to read.  They can take turns reading orally as a group, to partners, or as individuals (tailor this to the needs of your students).

  • After reading, assign roles within each ‘expert’ group for students to take notes, identify essential vocabulary, and/or answer key questions about the text.  A graphic organizer can help keep students’ thinking in order and make it easier for them to later present to their ‘home’ groups.

  • Ensure that each ‘expert’ group understands the materials they have read in order that they may share it with their ‘home’ groups.

  • ‘Experts’ share their learning within their ‘home groups.’  The same or a different graphic organizer may help students with this process.

ELL Strategies for Elementary Math

There is a common misconception that mathematics is one of the least language-dependent subject areas; consequently, many mathematics teachers are not fully prepared to include elements of language acquisition in their mathematics instruction.  –Jane Hill

To address this, we examine ways to make math more comprehensible for ELL students.  Check out the full presentation here.

Teachers used a planning guide to form content and language objectives, as well as consider what instructional practices would provide appropriate scaffolds for students.

For more strategies to support ELLs in math, check out the ISELL posts:

Solving Math Word Problems with ELLs  and  Increasing Math Achievement Through Sentence Frames and Opportunities for Math Talk

Supporting Non-speakers in Writing

Working with new Level One students can be a challenge, particularly during writing time.  Writing is all “output” and Level One students are still working on acquiring language through “input.”  Getting all that language they are taking in back out–and on to paper, no less–is quite a rigorous activity!

A few things to remember are…

Build on the small things, common language experiences.  Sometimes, you just have to feed them the language…and that’s okay.

“I saw you playing on the swings today at recess.  Let’s draw a picture of that.  Here’s how I would draw it.  I’m going to put swings and a sun in my picture because it was sunny today.  I’ll add some grass, too.  Can you draw like me?  Great!  Should we put an “s” by your swings?  Because swings starts with s!  Let’s say, ‘I play on the swings.’  Can we try to write that?”

ELLs the chance to Say it, Write it, Read it and Repeat it to Learn it.  The best thing we can provide Level Ones is the opportunity for rehearsal, rehearsal, rehearsal.  With Level Ones, you might use a writing conference to do a sort of adapted “individual interactive writing.”  See what that rehearsal might look like here!

Additional resources:

Hartman, Amanda.  Up Close:  Teaching English Language Learners in Reading and Writing Workshops  (DVD).  Portsmouth, NH:  FirstHand.

Units of Study for Primary Writing:

Calkins, Lucy.  (2003). The Nuts and Bolts of  Teaching Writing.  Portsmouth, NH:  FirstHand.

Calkins, Lucy & Mermelstein, Leah.  (2010).  Launching the Writing Workshop.  Portsmouth, NH:  FirstHand.

Check out a sample here!

Calkins, Lucy & Oxenhorn, Abby.  (2003)  Small Moments:  Personal Narrative Writing.   Portsmouth, NH:  FirstHand.

Check out a sample here!

 

 

Classroom Instruction that Works with ELLs

Authors Jane D. Hill and Kathleen M. Flynn provide a different approach to Classroom Instruction that Works and Marzano’s Instructional strategies, one that includes the ELL perspective.  This text  provides instructional strategies that can be applied to ELL students in every grade level and includes specific steps and guidance for educators that will boost the achievement levels of ELL students.

This resource is available via the Gale Virtual Reference Library.

Click here to read “Classroom Instruction that Works”

Planning for the Reading Continuum 6-12

Though LPS has not adopted the Common Core State Standards; we are, as a district , working to ensure that all students are becoming critical thinkers who will be successful in college and in their careers.  As a result, many content areas are using close reading as an instructional strategy.  This session focused on how to use this strategy in the ELL classroom.

Please see some of the resources used in this session.

Resources:

Reading Continuum 6-12 Presentation

Close Reading Strategy Steps

 

 

Planning with the Reading Continuum for K-5

We are always working at moving students toward grade level curriculum.  The work we do to provide students English language development with text that is accessible for their language level is crucial in helping them progress through the four domains of language.

Please examine the supports we’re providing.  These supports give students a chance to rehearse academic language, skills, and strategies that they will encounter in their general education classrooms while using text that is accessible with teacher support and text that is accessible independently.  Both are vitally important as we scaffold and solidify language for kids.

Resources:
Presentation for Planning for the Reading Continuum K-5, including information about what  assessments are and are not appropriate for ELLs at various language levels. 

K-1 Planning with the Reading Continuum Exemplar

2-5 Planning with the Reading Continuum Examplar

K-1 Blank planning template as a PDF

2-5 Blank planning template as a PDF

K-1 Blank planning template that you can adapt 

2-5 Blank planning template you can adapt

 

 

Level One 101

“What do I do?  This student has no English!  They can’t possibly…”

Ah, but they can!  We just have to do a few things differently!  Our Level One students are acquiring language all day long.  We have to make “input” more comprehensible for them and try to create as many “i+1” moments as we can by providing scaffolds and reframing our brain about what “output” can look like.

Language is acquired through “input.”  But “output,” or using that language to share your thinking and understanding, is what makes you smarter!  Level One students can share their thinking in many different ways.  Some helpful ways to support language input and output for Level One ELLs can be found in the resources below.

Level One Scaffolds and Supports

To see one of those scaffolds in action, click here to watch!

The following websites are great for Read Alouds and can easily be paired with a retelling activity, or simply drawing “I liked the part when…”  One suggestion…preview the texts beforehand to make sure they are comprehensible!  Sometimes, it is difficult to understand the story if the pictures don’t flow well with the text.  

Language Notebook Response Ideas for Online Read Alouds

Sundance Literactive Readers: Leveled Readers               Meegenius

You can even find some celebrities reading books aloud here:  

Storyline Online                  Read to Me                    Speakaboos

World Book-Early World of Learning (which has books AND learning games!)

Find great introduction and practice for English language structures, vocabulary and early literacy skills at…

BrainPop for ESL                                                Starfall

To access language support from Lincoln City Libraries, follow the steps found here.

***To make your own Level One Kit, find a list of all the ingredients here!***